• Introduction

1. The object and aim of international trade law
2. Historical overview
3. The rules of international trade law

• PART A: ACTORS

Chap. 1: Public actors

1. The World Trade Organization
2. The regional organizations

Chap. 2: Private actors

1. The companies’ nationality
2. The companies’ international activities
3. Transnational Corporations

Chap. 3: International arbiters

1. General presentation
2. The arbitration tribunal’s jurisdiction
3. Proceedings

• PART B: OPERATIONS

Chap. 1: Access to the market

1. General aspects on negative and positive measures
2. The French regulation

Chap. 2: International sales

1. The applicable rules
2. Execution and inexecution of the contract

Chap. 3: International transportation

1. Transportation by sea
2. Transportation by roads
3. Transportation by train
4. Transportation by plane
5. Multimodal transportation

Conclusion: The requirement of due diligence from companies

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• Introduction

1. The object of International Private Law
2. The sources of International Private Law
3. Focus on EU International Private Law

• PART A: THE INTERNATIONAL JURISDICTION OF JUDGES

Chap. 1: General rules

1. In civil and commercial matters
2. In disunity and child custody matters

Chap. 2: Some adjustments

1. The prorogation of jurisdiction
2. The concentration of the dispute in a sole jurisdiction

• PART B: THE APPLICABLE LAW

Chap. 1: The main method: bilateral conflictual rules

1. Definition
2. Qualification of the dispute
3. The application of the foreign law
4. Exemptions

Chap. 2: Alternative methods

1. Unilateral rules
2. Recognition of situations
3. The elimination of the conflictual methods

Chap. 3: Examples with the Rome Regulations

1. Contracts
2. Torts

• PART C: ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN JUDGMENTS

Chap. 1: Mutual recognition of judgments in the EU

1. The former systems
2. The new proceedings in Brussels I Bis and Brussels II Ter Regulations

Chap. 2: Focus on two grounds for refusal

1. Disrespect of an exclusive jurisdiction
2. Ordre public

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The course is divided into four main areas:

1. various reasons for adopting the corporate form (organisation of the partnership, independent management of assets and liabilities, tax and social security benefits), legal nature of the company, different categories of companies, sources of company law,
2. various stages in the formation of a company (rules common to all contracts, those specific to the company contract, and the creation of the legal entity).
3. actors: directors (appointment, powers and responsibilities), shareholders (rights, powers and relationship with the company), auditors
4. winding-up of the company

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This course examines the study of political regimes, with a focus on democracy, autocracy, regime transformations, and the domestic and international dynamics that shape political transitions. Through theoretical texts, empirical studies, and policy reports, students will critically assess how regimes are classified, how they change, and the implications for governance and development.

• Class 1: Introduction to the Study of Political Regimes

• Class 2: Democracy and Its Measure

• Class 3: Autocracy

• Class 4: Regime Transformations – Democratization

• Class 5: Regime Transformations – Autocratization

• Class 6: Domestic Dynamics of Regime Transitions

• Class 7: External Dynamics of Regime Transitions

• Class 8: External Dynamics of Regime Transitions II

• Class 9: Main Topics Review

• Class 10: Exam

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