Parcours Chimie et physico-chimie des matériaux international

The lectures will contain an introduction to Materials: Ceramics, materials, polymers and composites, including some general knowledge, a description of elaboration methods, their (micro)structure, their properties, and some examples of applications.

The students will use the concepts introduced in this course to perform a literature survey and write a bibliographic report about a material of their choice.

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The <Eco design> course is developed to introduce eco-friendly design and Life cycle assessment (LCA) with a focus on materials. It presents through lectures, media, the use of software, case study, class discussion, and group presentations.

The lecture section (CM) comprises 3 modules. The first module is on the concept of eco-design with introductions to sustainable development, circular economy, and a few Environmental Standards. The second module is on the indicators and impacts of processes or products on ecosystems, from views of energy, resource, air, water, soil, and human health. Various parameters (e.g., global warming potential, acidification potential) to measure the impact on the ecosystem are introduced. Some concepts like embodied energy, carbon cycle, and water footprint are also discussed. The third module is on the purpose, principles, and methodology of LCA.

The practice section (TD) contains 3 types of exercises : (i) Class discussion on case studies (e.g., the eco-friendly attributes of products made by different materials) ; (ii) Assignment on LCA to compare two types of plastic bottles using OpenLCA software, based on the understanding the OpenLCA software in terms of the database and approaches ; (iii) Group presentations on topic <Materials and Sustainable Development Goals>.

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Green Chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. In this, the course’s goal is to provide basic knowledge about the principles of green chemistry, with a basis in the molecular and materials chemistry, and examines alternative chemistry solutions to support a sustainable development. The level of understanding should be such that the students in their professional career critically can participate in discussions regarding selection and design of chemical methods (i.e., reactions, processes) for enlarged sustainability in industrial production of chemicals, materials and fuels, and to avoid environmental stress caused by pollution and energy-related problems. Students acquire the competence to think of chemistry as a sustainable activity. Basic knowledge in catalysis and organic chemistry is beneficial but not necessary. The course content will include a series of lectures using Power Point slides, case studies, exercises and in-class oral presentations by the students. Students should keep up with assigned reading and ask questions in class or by email.

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Les étudiants vont découvrir les matériaux composites à matrice polymère.

L’objectif de ces cours et TD est de leur donner tous les éléments pour leur permettre d’identifier ces matériaux et faire des choix pour répondre à une application spécifique (environnement, sollicitations mécanique, thermiques, secteur industriel, procédés de fabrication, cadences de production).

Les 9 heures de l’UE sont organisées en 4,5 heures de cours illustrés par des exemples de constituants des composites, de pièces, de procédés, … et 4,5 de travaux dirigés avec de la mise en application des éléments vus durant le cours.

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During this course, master students will acquire basic knowledge on composites, their composition, architecture, main properties and main use. In a second part, we will establish the mixing laws used to describe the mechanical behaviour of filled polymers and unidirectional composites. Particular emphasis will be put on simplifying assumptions that limit the use of these models.

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Thématiques : Organigramme, Planification, Coûtenance, Risques dans le cadre des projets industriels.
Format d’enseignement : cours / TD / utilisation d’un logiciel de planification (type MSProject, ProjectLibre…).

Présentation des choix de protection différents selon la stratégie de l’entreprise (savoir-faire secret, propriété intellectuelle …).

Les règles spécifiques au brevet (qu’est-ce qu’un brevet ? que peut-on breveter ? conditions de la brevetabilité ?).

Les inventions de salariés.

Un exemple de brevet sera présenté de manière à comprendre comment est rédigé un brevet.

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Develop the physico-chemistry of macromolecular solutions through typical methods for characterizing macromolecular dimensions (Viscosimetry, Light Scattering, Size Exclusion Chromatography).

1. Introduction
   1. Reminders and definitions
   2. Conformations and thermodynamics
2. Number-average molar mass: Mn
   1. End-group analysis
   2. Osmometry
3. Viscosimetric-average molar mass: Mv
4. Weight-average molar mass: Mw
   1. Light scattering
   2. Definition (Rayleigh/Mie)
   3. Principle
   4. Static Light scattering (SLS)
   5. Dynamic light scattring (DLS)
   6. Combination SLS/DLS
5.  Size Exclusion Chromatrography (SEC)
   1. Principle
   2. Mn et Mw and Ð determination

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In the first part of the semester, this teaching unit will introduce the students to microscopy techniques through a series of lectures. In the second part, the students will use Atomic Force Microscopy to analyse a sample in a short project.

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The <Materials and HQE> course focuses on the understanding of high-quality environmental standard (HQE) and their implementation in the field of materials. It will be delivered via a variety of lectures, guest talks, media, case studies, class discussions, group projects, and video filming/sharing to interact with the society.

The lecture section (CM) comprises 4 modules. The first module is on the implementation of HQE and sustainable development in the discipline of materials. The second module is for the understanding of environmental impacts and their characterization methods. The third module delivers some information on environmental issues with examples (e.g., water pollution, greenhouse effect, human health hazards). The fourth module is on green buildings in terms of materials, design, features, and standards.

The practice section (TD) contains 2 types of exercises : (i) Class exercise/quiz; (ii) Group project on topic <New Building Materials versus Concrete>, for which their presentation will be filmed and shared on social media for knowledge exchange with the general public.

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Cet UE sera effectué par 2 enseignants qui permettront une vision plus globale de la corrosion avec deux approches complémentaires.

Les principaux types de corrosion (la corrosion générale, les piqûres, etc…) seront décrites de manière générale pour les milieux secs et humides.

Les conditions de protection seront abordées avec une attention particulière à la protection contre la corrosion au moyen de revêtements tels que la galvanisation et l'anodisation.

La prévision de ces phénomènes d’oxydation sera effectuée par l’étude des diagrammes E = f (pH) et de la cinétique électrochimique associée.

Enfin, les principaux essais de corrosion accélérée utilisés dans l'industrie, tels que les essais au brouillard salin et les essais climatiques, seront décrits.

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The aim is to understand the metallurgical phenomena that occur during equilibrium or non-equilibrium phase transformations of steels and aluminum alloys, which induce consequences on their mechanical properties. Teaching takes place in the form of lectures and tutorials. The evaluation is formalized by a final exam.

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This unit is designed to provide the student with a basic knowledge of ceramic materials and glasses. Ceramics are by far the most abundant man-made materials. The objective is to provide a general overview of this third major class of solid materials (the first two being metals and polymers), from their development to their use. The physical characterisation and properties of these materials are recalled as well as the specific elaboration techniques such as sintering. The behaviour of technical ceramics for thermomechanical use is discussed, with particular emphasis on their fracture behaviour and the Weilbull statistical model for predicting fatigue and creep life at high temperatures.

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Natural polymers are playing a key role in the frame for bioeconomy. They could replace fossil-based polymers and make a positive contribution to the mitigation of climate change and the sustainable use of natural resources. This will require a better understanding of how the structure and functionality of the materials interrelate. In this context, this course relates with key topics on:

1. The biomass valorization and natural polymers, including their origin, extraction/isolation, characterization, and physiochemical, structural, mechanical and their biological properties;
2. The development of novel multifunctional bio-based materials architectures and manufacturing processes is also assessed, as well as, their applications in key areas such as biomedicine, composites, agriculture, and environmental engineering are also discussed.

Students acquire the competence to think of biomass valorization and biopolymers as a sustainable alternative to fossil-based polymers for the development of polymeric materials and composites. Basic knowledge in polymer chemistry is beneficial but not necessary. The course content will include a series of lectures using Power Point slides, case studies, exercises and in-class oral presentations by the students. Students should keep up with assigned reading and ask questions in class or by email.

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L’objectif de cette UE est d’une part la maîtrise des bases élémentaires de la thermodynamique des surfaces et d’autre part la bonne connaissance des différentes familles d’adhésifs. Nous abordons la thermodynamique des surfaces par les notions de mouillage et d’énergie de surface. Une description des adhésifs à mise en œuvre chimique ou physique et des auto-adhésifs est proposée avec des exemples d’applications dédiées. La formulation des adhésifs est exposée par la description des composants d’un auto-adhésif, leur mise en œuvre pour des applications prises comme exemples modèles, les règles scientifiques et empiriques de formulations (gestion de la viscosité, de l’élasticité, de la cristallinité, de la transition vitreuse, …), la mesure/prédiction des propriétés d’adhérence et enfin les règles générales qui dominent aux choix des adhésifs. La mesure des propriétés d’adhésion sera exposée par les différentes techniques existantes.

The objective of this course is on the one hand to master the elementary basics of surface thermodynamics and on the other hand to have a good knowledge of the different families of adhesives. We approach the thermodynamics of surfaces through the notions of wetting and surface energy. A description of chemical or physical adhesives as well as pressure sensitive adhesives is proposed with examples of dedicated applications. The formulation of adhesives is presented by describing the components of a pressure sensitive adhesive, their implementation for applications taken as model examples, the scientific and empirical rules of formulation (management of viscosity, elasticity, crystallinity, glass transition, ...), the measurement/prediction of adhesion properties and finally the general rules that dominate the choice of adhesives. The measurement of adhesion properties will be presented by the different existing techniques.

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The main objective of this lecture is to train students to make the link between the knowledge, as they learned during the first year of the master, on synthetic polymer and materials thereof and biomacromolecules. The format is hybrid, between lectures and student-based learning through literature studies and oral presentations in groups. The main topics are dedicated to the relation between structure and function and to the self-assembly of polymers and biomacromolecules in dilute aqueous solutions.

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The objective of this course is to establish a state of the art of polymer-based nanocomposites. After defining nanocomposites, we review the main processing methods for these materials, focusing on the specific issues and challenges they raise. We then study the specific properties of nanocomposites, with a particular focus on their relationship with the nanoscale of the fillers. We end up with studying several applications.

The teaching strategies of this course include traditional course and several case studies.

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Course description:  The objective is to introduce to students organic and hybrid (organic-inorganic) materials presenting a nanometer-scale structure such as nanocomposites & block copolymers. We will see that nano-structuration can induce or accentuated properties compared to usual materials.

Course structure: During the lectures a presentation will be given on :

1. Introduction to the nanoWORLD !

2. Observe, manipulate and characterize at the nanoscale

3. Organic nanomaterials and their applications

Nanocomposites & Block copolymers for nanolithography, ion diffusion in battery & fuel cell, etc. (based on published papers)

The course will be supplemented by TD sessions during which specific scientific papers will be discussed. Finally, at the end of the semester, the students will have to prepare and present a presentation on a chosen topic based on nanomaterials.

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